Feast of Matzah: 14th or 15th Commencement?
By Isaac Aluochier
All scriptural quotations, unless otherwise stated, are from the Hebrew Names Version of the World English Bible, available at http://www.ebible.org/bible/hnv/
REVELATION OF PESACH AND FEAST OF MATZAH TO YISRAEL
YAH'SHUAH'S LAST PESACH BEFORE HIS DEATH
Is Yahweh's Pesach to be killed on the 14th day of the first month, and eaten on the 14th day of the first month, or is it to be eaten on the 15th day of the first month? Is the feast of matzah (unleavened bread) to run from the 14th day to the 20th day of the first month, or from the 15th day to the 21st day of the first month?
REVELATION OF PESACH AND FEAST OF MATZAH TO YISRAEL
12:1
Yahweh spoke to Moshe and Aharon in the land of Mitzrayim, saying, 12:2"This month shall be to you the beginning of months. It shall be the first month of the year to you. 12:3Speak to all the congregation of Yisra'el, saying, 'On the tenth day of this month, they shall take to them every man a lamb, according to their fathers' houses, a lamb for a household; 12:4and if the household be too little for a lamb, then he and his neighbor next to his house shall take one according to the number of the souls; according to everyone can eat you shall make your count for the lamb. 12:5Your lamb shall be without blemish, a male a year old. You shall take it from the sheep, or from the goats: 12:6and you shall keep it until the fourteenth day of the same month; and the whole assembly of the congregation of Yisra'el shall kill it at evening. 12:7They shall take same of the blood, and put it on the two side-posts and on the lintel, on the houses in which they shall eat it. 12:8They shall eat the flesh in that night, roasted with fire, and matzah. They shall eat it with bitter herbs. 12:9Don't eat it raw, nor boiled at all with water, but roasted with fire; with its head, its legs and its inner parts. 12:10You shall let nothing of it remain until the morning; but that which remains of it until the morning you shall burn with fire. 12:11This is how you shall eat it: with your loins girded, your shoes on your feet, and your staff in your hand; and you shall eat it in haste: it is Yahweh's Pesach. 12:12For I will go through the land of Mitzrayim in that night, and will strike all the firstborn in the land of Mitzrayim, both man and animal. Against all the mighty ones of Mitzrayim I will execute judgments: I am Yahweh. 12:13The blood shall be to you for a token on the houses where you are: and when I see the blood, I will pass over you, and there shall no plague be on you to destroy you, when I strike the land of Mitzrayim. 12:14This day shall be to you for a memorial, and you shall keep it a feast to Yahweh: throughout your generations you shall keep it a feast by an ordinance forever.12:15
Seven days shall you eat matzah; even the first day you shall put away yeast out of your houses, for whoever eats leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Yisra'el. 12:16In the first day there shall be to you a holy convocation, and in the seventh day a holy convocation; no manner of work shall be done in them, except that which every man must eat, that only may be done by you. 12:17You shall observe the feast of matzah; for in this same day have I brought your hosts out of the land of Mitzrayim: therefore shall you observe this day throughout your generations by an ordinance forever. 12:18In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at evening, you shall eat matzah, until the twenty first day of the month at evening. 12:19Seven days shall there be no yeast found in your houses, for whoever eats that which is leavened, that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Yisra'el, whether he be a sojourner, or one who is born in the land. 12:20You shall eat nothing leavened. In all your habitations you shall eat matzah.'"12:21
Then Moshe called for all the Zakenim of Yisra'el, and said to them, "Draw out, and take you lambs according to your families, and kill the Pesach. 12:22You shall take a bunch of hyssop, and dip it in the blood that is in the basin, and strike the lintel and the two side-posts with the blood that is in the basin; and none of you shall go out of the door of his house until the morning. 12:23For Yahweh will pass through to strike the Mitzrim; and when he sees the blood on the lintel, and on the two side-posts, Yahweh will pass over the door, and will not allow the destroyer to come in to your houses to strike you. 12:24You shall observe this thing for an ordinance to you and to your sons forever. 12:25It shall happen when you have come to the land which Yahweh will give you, according as he has promised, that you shall keep this service. 12:26It will happen, when your children ask you, 'What do you mean by this service?' 12:27that you shall say, 'It is the sacrifice of Yahweh's Pesach, who passed over the houses of the children of Yisra'el in Mitzrayim, when he struck the Mitzrim, and spared our houses.'"The people bowed their heads and worshipped. 12:28The children of Yisra'el went and did so; as Yahweh had commanded Moshe and Aharon, so they did.
12:29
It happened at midnight, that Yahweh struck all the firstborn in the land of Mitzrayim, from the firstborn of Par`oh who sat on his throne to the firstborn of the captive who was in the dungeon; and all the firstborn of cattle. 12:30Par`oh rose up in the night, he, and all his servants, and all the Mitzrim; and there was a great cry in Mitzrayim, for there was not a house where there was not one dead. 12:31He called for Moshe and Aharon by night, and said, "Rise up, get out from among my people, both you and the children of Yisra'el; and go, serve Yahweh, as you have said! 12:32Take both your flocks and your herds, as you have said, and be gone; and bless me also!"12:33
The Mitzrim were urgent with the people, to send them out of the land in haste, for they said, "We are all dead men." 12:34The people took their dough before it was leavened, their kneading-troughs being bound up in their clothes on their shoulders. 12:35The children of Yisra'el did according to the word of Moshe; and they asked of the Mitzrim jewels of silver, and jewels of gold, and clothing. 12:36Yahweh gave the people favor in the sight of the Mitzrim, so that they let them have what they asked. They despoiled the Mitzrim.12:37
The children of Yisra'el journeyed from Ra`meses to Sukkot, about six hundred thousand on foot who were men, besides children. 12:38A mixed multitude went up also with them, with flocks, herds, and even very much cattle. 12:39They baked unleavened cakes of the dough which they brought forth out of Mitzrayim; for it wasn't leavened, because they were thrust out of Mitzrayim, and couldn't wait, neither had they prepared for themselves any food. 12:40Now the time that the children of Yisra'el lived in Mitzrayim was four hundred thirty years. 12:41It happened at the end of four hundred thirty years, even the same day it happened, that all the hosts of Yahweh went out from the land of Mitzrayim. 12:42It is a night to be much observed to Yahweh for bringing them out from the land of Mitzrayim. This is that night of Yahweh, to be much observed of all the children of Yisra'el throughout their generations.12:43
Yahweh said to Moshe and Aharon, "This is the ordinance of the Pesach. There shall no foreigner eat of it, 12:44but every man's servant who is bought for money, when you have circumcised him, then shall he eat of it. 12:45A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat of it. 12:46In one house shall it be eaten; you shall not carry forth anything of the flesh abroad out of the house; neither shall you break a bone of it. 12:47All the congregation of Yisra'el shall keep it. 12:48When a stranger shall sojourn with you, and will keep the Pesach to Yahweh, let all his males be circumcised, and then let him come near and keep it; and he shall be as one who is born in the land: but no uncircumcised person shall eat of it. 12:49One law shall be to him who is born at home, and to the stranger who sojourns among you." 12:50Thus did all the children of Yisra'el. As Yahweh commanded Moshe and Aharon, so they did. 12:51It happened the same day, that Yahweh brought the children of Yisra'el out of the land of Mitzrayim by their hosts.13:1
Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 13:2"Sanctify to me all of the firstborn, whatever opens the womb among the children of Yisra'el, both of man and of animal. It is mine."13:3
Moshe said to the people, "Remember this day, in which you came out from Mitzrayim, out of the house of bondage; for by strength of hand Yahweh brought you out from this place. No leavened bread shall be eaten. 13:4This day you go forth in the month Aviv. 13:5It shall be, when Yahweh shall bring you into the land of the Kana`ani, and the Chittite, and the Amori, and the Chivvi, and the Yevusi, which he swore to your fathers to give you, a land flowing with milk and honey, that you shall keep this service in this month. 13:6Seven days you shall eat matzah, and in the seventh day shall be a feast to Yahweh. 13:7Unleavened bread shall be eaten throughout the seven days; and no leavened bread shall be seen with you, neither shall there be yeast seen with you, in all your borders. 13:8You shall tell your son in that day, saying, 'It is because of that which Yahweh did for me when I came forth out of Mitzrayim.' 13:9It shall be for a sign to you on your hand, and for a memorial between your eyes, that the law of Yahweh may be in your mouth; for with a strong hand Yahweh has brought you out of Mitzrayim. 13:10You shall therefore keep this ordinance in its season from year to year.Lambs To Be Killed On The 14th Day
12:6 shows that the lambs were to be kept UNTIL the 14th day of the first month, and to be killed at evening. The lambs were NOT to be kept BEYOND the 14th day of the first month. The evening in which the lambs were to be killed therefore had to have been that of the 14th day of the first month. WHEN is the evening of the 14th day of the first month?
Roasted Lambs Eaten On Night Following Evening Of The 14th Day
12:8 shows that the flesh of the roasted lambs was to be eaten on the night following the evening of the 14th day of the first month. Is this night that of the 14th day or that of the 15th day?
If this night is that of the 14th day, then the evening of the 14th day mentioned in 12:6 must be that at the commencement of the 14th day. If this night is that of the 15th day, then the evening of the 14th day mentioned in 12:6 must be that at the end of the 14th day.
Matzah To Be Eaten With Roasted Lambs
12:8 also shows that MATZAH is to be eaten with the roasted flesh of the lamb on the night following the evening of the 14th day of the first month.
Firstborn Of Mitzrayim Struck On The Night Pesach Was Eaten
12:12 shows that the night that Yahweh's Pesach was eaten was also the night that Yahweh struck the firstborn in all the land of Mitzrayim, both of man and animal. Was this night that of the 14th day of the first month, or that of the 15th day of the first month?
Day Pesach Is Eaten Is A Feast To Yahweh
12:14 shows that the day INCLUDING the night of the eating of Yahweh's Pesach, that commemorating Yahweh's slaughter of the firstborn of Mitzrayim, is a memorial to the children of Yisrael. It is to be kept a FEAST to Yahweh throughout the generations of the children of Yisrael by an ordinance forever. Is this day the 14th of the first month, or the 15th of the first month?
No Leavened Bread To Be Eaten For Seven Days
12:15 shows that matzah is to be eaten for SEVEN days, with no leavened bread being eaten over these seven days.
Holy Convocations To Be Held On The First And Seventh Days For Eating Matzah
12:16 shows that HOLY CONVOCATIONS are to be held on the FIRST and SEVENTH of these seven days for the eating of matzah, on which leavened bread is not to be eaten.
Feast Of Matzah Commemorates Deliverance Of Yisrael Out Of Mitzrayim
12:17 shows that the feast of matzah, and specifically its FIRST day of seven, commemorates the day when Yahweh brought out the hosts of the children of Yisrael out of the land of Mitzrayim. Is this first of the seven days of the feast of matzah the 14th day or the 15th day of the first month? Did Yahweh bring out the hosts of Yisrael on the 14th day or on the 15th day?
Matzah To Be Eaten For Seven Days
12:18 shows that matzah is to be eaten over a PERIOD of seven days, from the evening of 14th day until the evening of the 21st day. Are these evenings marking, respectively, the beginning or the end of the 14th and 21st days?
Yisrael Delivered Out Of Mitzrayim On Night They Ate Pesach
12:29 shows that it was at MIDNIGHT that Yahweh struck all the firstborn of the land of Mitzrayim. Was this midnight on the 14th day or on the 15th day of the first month?
12:42 INDICATES that Yahweh brought out the hosts of Yisrael out of the land of Mitzrayim BY NIGHT! In other words, after the slaughter of the firstborn of the Mitzrim, the children of Yisrael left Mitzrayim by night - the very same night of the slaughter! Was this night the 14th day of the first month or the 15th day?
12:51, 43-51 shows that Yahweh brought out the hosts of Yisrael out of Mitzrayim the SAME DAY that they ate Yahweh's Pesach! Therefore, if they ate Yahweh's Pesach on the 14th day of the first month, they came out of Mitzrayim on the 14th day. Likewise, if they ate it on the 15th day of the first month, they came out on the 15th day. On which day did they eat Yahweh's Pesach - the 14th day or the 15th day?
Yahweh's Pesach Eaten On First Day Of The Feast Of Matzah
13:3 shows that no leavened bread is to be eaten on the day commemorating the departure out of the land of Mitzrayim, indicating that this day of departure out of the land of Mitzrayim was the FIRST of the seven days of matzah! In other words, the day that Yahweh's Pesach is eaten is the first of the seven days of the feast of matzah!
23:1
Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 23:2Speak to the children of Yisra'el, and tell them, The set feasts of Yahweh, which you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, even these are my set feasts. 23:3Six days shall work be done: but on the seventh day is a Shabbat of solemn rest, a holy convocation; you shall do no manner of work: it is a Shabbat to Yahweh in all your dwellings. 23:4These are the set feasts of Yahweh, even holy convocations, which you shall proclaim in their appointed season. 23:5In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month at even, is Yahweh's Pesach. 23:6On the fifteenth day of the same month is the feast of matzah to Yahweh: seven days you shall eat matzah. 23:7In the first day you shall have a holy convocation: you shall do no servile work. 23:8But you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh seven days: in the seventh day is a holy convocation; you shall do no servile work. 23:9Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 23:10Speak to the children of Yisra'el, and tell them, When you are come into the land which I give to you, and shall reap the harvest of it, then you shall bring the sheaf of the first-fruits of your harvest to the Kohen: 23:11and he shall wave the sheaf before Yahweh, to be accepted for you: on the next day after the Shabbat the Kohen shall wave it. 23:12In the day when you wave the sheaf, you shall offer a he-lamb without blemish a year old for a burnt offering to Yahweh. 23:13The meal-offering of it shall be two tenth parts of an efah of fine flour mingled with oil, an offering made by fire to Yahweh for a sweet savor; and the drink-offering of it shall be of wine, the fourth part of a hin. 23:14You shall eat neither bread, nor parched grain, nor fresh ears, until this same day, until you have brought the offering of your Mighty One: it is a statute forever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 23:15You shall count to you from the next day after the Shabbat, from the day that you brought the sheaf of the wave-offering; seven Shabbatot shall there be complete: 23:16even to the next day after the seventh Shabbat shall you number fifty days; and you shall offer a new meal-offering to Yahweh. 23:17You shall bring out of your habitations two wave-loaves of two tenth parts of an efah: they shall be of fine flour, they shall be baked with yeast, for first-fruits to Yahweh. 23:18You shall present with the bread seven lambs without blemish a year old, and one young bull, and two rams: they shall be a burnt offering to Yahweh, with their meal-offering, and their drink-offerings, even an offering made by fire, of a sweet savor to Yahweh. 23:19You shall offer one male goat for a sin-offering, and two he-lambs a year old for a sacrifice of peace-offerings. 23:20The Kohen shall wave them with the bread of the first-fruits for a wave-offering before Yahweh, with the two lambs: they shall be holy to Yahweh for the Kohen. 23:21You shall make proclamation on the same day; there shall be a holy convocation to you; you shall do no servile work: it is a statute forever in all your dwellings throughout your generations. 23:22When you reap the harvest of your land, you shall not wholly reap the corners of your field, neither shall you gather the gleaning of your harvest: you shall leave them for the poor, and for the sojourner: I am Yahweh your Mighty One. 23:23Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 23:24Speak to the children of Yisra'el, saying, In the seventh month, on the first day of the month, shall be a solemn rest to you, a memorial of blowing of shofarot, a holy convocation. 23:25You shall do no servile work; and you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh. 23:26Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 23:27However on the tenth day of this seventh month is the day of atonement: it shall be a holy convocation to you, and you shall afflict your souls; and you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh. 23:28You shall do no manner of work in that same day; for it is a day of atonement, to make atonement for you before Yahweh your Mighty One. 23:29For whatever soul it be who shall not be afflicted in that same day; he shall be cut off from his people. 23:30Whatever soul it be who does any manner of work in that same day, that soul will I destroy from among his people. 23:31You shall do no manner of work: it is a statute forever throughout your generations in all your dwellings. 23:32It shall be to you a Shabbat of solemn rest, and you shall afflict your souls: in the ninth day of the month at even, from even to even, shall you keep your Shabbat. 23:33Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 23:34Speak to the children of Yisra'el, saying, On the fifteenth day of this seventh month is the feast of booths for seven days to Yahweh. 23:35On the first day shall be a holy convocation: you shall do no servile work. 23:36Seven days you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh: on the eighth day shall be a holy convocation to you; and you shall offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh: it is a solemn assembly; you shall do no servile work. 23:37These are the set feasts of Yahweh, which you shall proclaim to be holy convocations, to offer an offering made by fire to Yahweh, a burnt offering, and a meal-offering, a sacrifice, and drink-offerings, each on its own day; 23:38besides the Shabbatot of Yahweh, and besides your gifts, and besides all your vows, and besides all your freewill-offerings, which you give to Yahweh. 23:39However on the fifteenth day of the seventh month, when you have gathered in the fruits of the land, you shall keep the feast of Yahweh seven days: on the first day shall be a solemn rest, and on the eighth day shall be a solemn rest. 23:40You shall take you on the first day the fruit of goodly trees, branches of palm-trees, and boughs of thick trees, and willows of the brook; and you shall rejoice before Yahweh your Mighty One seven days. 23:41You shall keep it a feast to Yahweh seven days in the year: it is a statute forever throughout your generations; you shall keep it in the seventh month. 23:42You shall dwell in booths seven days; all who are home-born in Yisra'el shall dwell in booths; 23:43that your generations may know that I made the children of Yisra'el to dwell in booths, when I brought them out of the land of Mitzrayim: I am Yahweh your Mighty One. 23:44Moshe declared to the children of Yisra'el the set feasts of Yahweh.Feast Of Matzah Commences On The 15th Day Of The First Month
23:5 - Is Yahweh's Pesach at the beginning of the 14th day of the first month, or at the end of the 14th day?
23:6 SPECIFICALLY states that the 15th day of the first month is the feast of matzah. It does not say that the 14th day of the first month is the feast of matzah, but the 15th day. This INDICATES that the feast of matzah, the feast spanning seven days, COMMENCES on the 15th day of the first month, and not on the 14th day. If so, then Yahweh's Pesach is killed on the evening of the 14th day of the first month that is at the END of the 14th day, rather than at the beginning of the 14th day!
23:6-7 INDICATES that the first day of the seven days of the feast of matzah is on the 15th day, on which a holy convocation is held.
23:8 indicates that the seventh day, drawing from the comments immediately above, is the 21st day of the month, on which a holy convocation is held.
Day Of Atonement On The 10th Day Of The Seventh Month
23:27 CLEARLY shows that the 10th day of the seventh month is the day of atonement, on which the children of Yisrael were to afflict their souls and hold a holy convocation.
Definition Of Commencement And Ending Of Day Of Atonement
23:32 CLEARLY DEFINES the 10th day of the seventh month, commencing in the 9th day of the month at even, from even to even. Meaning from even on the 9th day of the month to even on the 10th day of the month. IMPLYING that even on the 9th day of the month is the evening of the END of the 9th day!
Feast Of Booths Commences On The 15th Day Of The Seventh Month
23:34 states that the 15th day of the seventh month is the feast of booths for seven days to Yahweh.
23:35 shows that on the first day of the seven days of the feast of booths is a holy convocation.
23:36 shows that on the eighth day, that is on the day after the seven days of the feast of booths, is another holy convocation, separate from the feast of booths.
23:39 reiterates that the 15th day of the seventh month is the commencement of the feast of booths, with the 8th day, that is on the 22nd day of the seventh month, being a holy convocation.
Counting Of Days On The Seventh Month The Same As Counting Of Days On The First Month
With respect to the feast of booths it is noted that it is generally accepted that this feast runs from the 15th day to the 21st day of the seventh month. With the 22nd day of the seventh month being a separate day on which a holy convocation is held, a day separate from the seven days of the feast of booths. In like manner, as 23:6 has described the 15th day of the first month as the feast of matzah, the feast of matzah likewise commences on the 15th day of the first month, and likewise runs for seven day, culminating on the 21st day of the first month! If the feast of matzah runs from the 14th day of the first month until the 20th day of the first month, as some proponents say, then they should likewise say that the feast of booths runs from the 14th day of the seventh month until the 20th day of the seventh month. But if they accept that the feast of booths runs from the 15th day of the seventh month to the 21st day of the seventh month, they should likewise accept that the feast of matzah runs from the 15th day of the first month to the 21st day of the first month!
Questions Regarding Timing Of Pesach And Feast Of Matzah Answered
The witness of Vayikra 23 facilitates the answering of the questions raised in the coverage of Shemot 12 and 13. Shemot 12:18 states that the feast of matzah runs from the evening of the 14th day to the evening of the 21st day. Vayikra 23 shows that the feast of matzah commences on the 15th day and ends on the 21st day. Therefore the evening of the 14th day of Shemot 12:18 is the END of the 14th day. Likewise the evening of the 21st day of Shemot 12:18 is the END of the 21st day. The CONSISTENCY of the both Shemot 12 and Vayikra 23 is therefore preserved, showing a duration of seven days for the feast of matzah.
It is therefore the case that Yahweh's Pesach is killed on the evening of the 14th day of the first month, within the 14th day of the first month, and subsequently eaten with matzah on the night of the 15th day of the first month. This night of the 15th day of the first month marks the commencement of the feast of matzah, and is also the commemoration of the night that Yahweh delivered the hosts of Yisrael out of the land of Mitzrayim. The same night that he slaughtered the firstborn of the land of Mitzrayim!
Further Confirmation Regarding Timing Of Pesach And Feast Of Matzah
28:16
In the first month, on the fourteenth day of the month, is Yahweh's Pesach. 28:17On the fifteenth day of this month shall be a feast: seven days shall matzah be eaten. 28:18In the first day shall be a holy convocation: you shall do no servile work; 28:19but you shall offer an offering made by fire, a burnt offering to Yahweh: two young bulls, and one ram, and seven he-lambs a year old; they shall be to you without blemish; 28:20and their meal-offering, fine flour mingled with oil: three tenth parts shall you offer for a bull, and two tenth parts for the ram; 28:21a tenth part shall you offer for every lamb of the seven lambs; 28:22and one male goat for a sin-offering, to make atonement for you. 28:23You shall offer these besides the burnt offering of the morning, which is for a continual burnt offering. 28:24After this manner you shall offer daily, for seven days, the food of the offering made by fire, of a sweet savor to Yahweh: it shall be offered besides the continual burnt offering, and the drink-offering of it. 28:25On the seventh day you shall have a holy convocation: you shall do no servile work.28:17 repeats the comments in Vayikra 23, that the 15th day of the first month is commencement of the seven-day feast of matzah. The feast of matzah therefore runs from the 15th day to the 21st day of the first month of the year.
Confirmation Of Date Yisrael Journeyed From Rameses
33:1
These are the journeys of the children of Yisra'el, when they went forth out of the land of Mitzrayim by their hosts under the hand of Moshe and Aharon. 33:2Moshe wrote their goings out according to their journeys by the commandment of Yahweh: and these are their journeys according to their goings out. 33:3They journeyed from Ra`meses in the first month, on the fifteenth day of the first month; on the next day after the Pesach the children of Yisra'el went out with a high hand in the sight of all the Mitzrim, 33:4while the Mitzrim were burying all their firstborn, whom Yahweh had struck among them: on their mighty ones also Yahweh executed judgments.33:3 CLEARLY states that the children of Yisrael left Rameses in Mitzrayim on the 15th day of the first month, in the sight of all the Mitzrim, the day after Yahweh's Pesach. Shemot 12:17, earlier covered, shows that the first day of the seven days of the feast of matzah commemorates the day that Yahweh brought the hosts of Yisrael out of the land of Mitzrayim. It is therefore clear that the first day of the feast of matzah is the 15th day of the first month, and NOT the 14th day of the first month.
Confirmation Of Timing For Sacrificing Yahweh's Pesach
16:1
Observe the month of Aviv, and keep the Pesach to Yahweh your Mighty One; for in the month of Aviv Yahweh your Mighty One brought you forth out of Mitzrayim by night. 16:2You shall sacrifice the Pesach to Yahweh your Mighty One, of the flock and the herd, in the place which Yahweh shall choose, to cause his name to dwell there. 16:3You shall eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shall you eat matzah therewith, even the bread of affliction; for you came forth out of the land of Mitzrayim in haste: that you may remember the day when you came forth out of the land of Mitzrayim all the days of your life. 16:4There shall be no yeast seen with you in all your borders seven days; neither shall any of the flesh, which you sacrifice the first day at even, remain all night until the morning. 16:5You may not sacrifice the Pesach within any of your gates, which Yahweh your Mighty One gives you; 16:6but at the place which Yahweh your Mighty One shall choose, to cause his name to dwell in, there you shall sacrifice the Pesach at even, at the going down of the sun, at the season that you came forth out of Mitzrayim. 16:7You shall roast and eat it in the place which Yahweh your Mighty One shall choose: and you shall turn in the morning, and go to your tents. 16:8Six days you shall eat matzah; and on the seventh day shall be a solemn assembly to Yahweh your Mighty One; you shall do no work therein.In addition to these verses confirming what has already been observed in Shemot 12 and 13, Vayikra 23, and Bamidbar 28 and 33, an additional detail is given in 16:6.
16:6 shows that Yahweh's Pesach is sacrificed on the 14th day of the first month "at even, at the going down of the sun". This time, before the end of the 14th day of the first month, is WHEN Yahweh's Pesach is to be sacrificed and subsequently roasted according to commandment. It is then eaten with matzah on the subsequent night of the 15th day, being already the commencement of the feast of matzah.
The Terms "Pesach" And "Matzah" Used Interchangeably
45:21
In the first month, in the fourteenth day of the month, you shall have the Pesach, a feast of seven days; matzah shall be eaten. 45:22On that day shall the prince prepare for himself and for all the people of the land a bull for a sin-offering. 45:23The seven days of the feast he shall prepare a burnt offering to Yahweh, seven bulls and seven rams without blemish daily the seven days; and a male goat daily for a sin-offering. 45:24He shall prepare a meal-offering, an efah for a bull, and an efah for a ram, and a hin of oil to an efah. 45:25In the seventh month, in the fifteenth day of the month, in the feast, shall he do the like the seven days; according to the sin-offering, according to the burnt offering, and according to the meal-offering, and according to the oil.45:21 shows that the term "Pesach" can also be applied to the seven-day feast of matzah, when matzah is eaten for seven days. Nevertheless, it should be noted as already covered in the scriptures above, that Yahweh's Pesach is sacrificed on the 14th day of the first month "at even, at the going down of the sun". It is then eaten with matzah on the 15th day, on the night of the 15th day, which commences the seven days for the eating of matzah. Therefore the seven days for eating matzah referred in Yechezkel 45:21 are from the 15th day to the 21st day, and NOT from the 14th day to the 20th day!
Returned Captives Of Yisrael Kept Yahweh's Pesach And Feast Of Matzah According To Commandment
6:19
The children of the captivity kept the Pesach on the fourteenth day of the first month. 6:20For the Kohanim and the Levites had purified themselves together; all of them were pure: and they killed the Pesach for all the children of the captivity, and for their brothers the Kohanim, and for themselves. 6:21The children of Yisra'el who had come again out of the captivity, and all such as had separated themselves to them from the filthiness of the nations of the land, to seek Yahweh, the Mighty One of Yisra'el, ate, 6:22and kept the feast of matzah seven days with joy: for Yahweh had made them joyful, and had turned the heart of the king of Ashshur to them, to strengthen their hands in the work of the house of the Mighty One, the Mighty One of Yisra'el.The returned captives of Yisrael kept both Yahweh's Pesach and the feast of matzah according to commandment.
Second Month Pesach And Feast Of Matzah Observance In Chizkiyahu's Time
30:1
Chizkiyahu sent to all Yisra'el and Yahudah, and wrote letters also to Efrayim and Menashshe, that they should come to the house of Yahweh at Yerushalayim, to keep the Pesach to Yahweh, the Mighty One of Yisra'el. 30:2For the king had taken counsel, and his princes, and all the assembly in Yerushalayim, to keep the Pesach in the second month. 30:3For they could not keep it at that time, because the Kohanim had not sanctified themselves in sufficient number, neither had the people gathered themselves together to Yerushalayim. 30:4The thing was right in the eyes of the king and of all the assembly. 30:5So they established a decree to make proclamation throughout all Yisra'el, from Be'er-Sheva even to Dan, that they should come to keep the Pesach to Yahweh, the Mighty One of Yisra'el, at Yerushalayim: for they had not kept it in great numbers in such sort as it is written. 30:6So the posts went with the letters from the king and his princes throughout all Yisra'el and Yahudah, and according to the commandment of the king, saying, You children of Yisra'el, turn again to Yahweh, the Mighty One of Avraham, Yitzchak, and Yisra'el, that he may return to the remnant that have escaped of you out of the hand of the kings of Ashshur. 30:7Don't be you like your fathers, and like your brothers, who trespassed against Yahweh, the Mighty One of their fathers, so that he gave them up to desolation, as you see. 30:8Now don't you be stiff-necked, as your fathers were; but yield yourselves to Yahweh, and enter into his sanctuary, which he has sanctified forever, and serve Yahweh your Mighty One, that his fierce anger may turn away from you. 30:9For if you turn again to Yahweh, your brothers and your children shall find compassion before those who led them captive, and shall come again into this land: for Yahweh your Mighty One is gracious and merciful, and will not turn away his face from you, if you return to him. 30:10So the posts passed from city to city through the country of Efrayim and Menashshe, even to Zevulun: but they laughed them to scorn, and mocked them. 30:11Nevertheless certain men of Asher and Menashshe and of Zevulun humbled themselves, and came to Yerushalayim. 30:12Also on Yahudah came the hand of the Mighty One to give them one heart, to do the commandment of the king and of the princes by the word of Yahweh. 30:13There assembled at Yerushalayim much people to keep the feast of matzah in the second month, a very great assembly. 30:14They arose and took away the altars that were in Yerushalayim, and all the altars for incense took they away, and cast them into the brook Kidron. 30:15Then they killed the Pesach on the fourteenth day of the second month: and the Kohanim and the Levites were ashamed, and sanctified themselves, and brought burnt offerings into the house of Yahweh. 30:16They stood in their place after their order, according to the law of Moshe the man of the Mighty One: the Kohanim sprinkled the blood which they received of the hand of the Levites. 30:17For there were many in the assembly who had not sanctified themselves: therefore the Levites had the charge of killing the Pesachim for everyone who was not clean, to sanctify them to Yahweh. 30:18For a multitude of the people, even many of Efrayim and Menashshe, Yissakhar and Zevulun, had not cleansed themselves, yet did they eat the Pesach otherwise than it is written. For Chizkiyahu had prayed for them, saying, The good Yahweh pardon everyone 30:19who sets his heart to seek the Mighty One, Yahweh, the Mighty One of his fathers, though not cleansed according to the purification of the sanctuary. 30:20Yahweh listened to Chizkiyahu, and healed the people. 30:21The children of Yisra'el who were present at Yerushalayim kept the feast of matzah seven days with great gladness; and the Levites and the Kohanim praised Yahweh day by day, singing with loud instruments to Yahweh. 30:22Chizkiyahu spoke comfortably to all the Levites who had good understanding in the service of Yahweh. So they ate throughout the feast for the seven days, offering sacrifices of peace-offerings, and making confession to Yahweh, the Mighty One of their fathers. 30:23The whole assembly took counsel to keep other seven days; and they kept other seven days with gladness. 30:24For Chizkiyahu king of Yahudah did give to the assembly for offerings one thousand bulls and seven thousand sheep; and the princes gave to the assembly a thousand bulls and ten thousand sheep: and a great number of Kohanim sanctified themselves. 30:25All the assembly of Yahudah, with the Kohanim and the Levites, and all the assembly who came out of Yisra'el, and the sojourners who came out of the land of Yisra'el, and who lived in Yahudah, rejoiced. 30:26So there was great joy in Yerushalayim; for since the time of Shelomo the son of David king of Yisra'el there was not the like in Yerushalayim. 30:27Then the Kohanim the Levites arose and blessed the people: and their voice was heard, and their prayer came up to his holy habitation, even to Heaven.31:1
Now when all this was finished, all Yisra'el who were present went out to the cities of Yahudah, and broke in pieces the pillars, and hewed down the Asherim, and broke down the high places and the altars out of all Yahudah and Binyamin, in Efrayim also and Menashshe, until they had destroyed them all. Then all the children of Yisra'el returned, every man to his possession, into their own cities.The children of Yahudah, and some of Yisrael, kept the Pesach and the feast of matzah in the second month of the year largely according to Yahweh's commandment.
Pesach Observance In Yoshiyahu's Time
35:1
Yoshiyahu kept a Pesach to Yahweh in Yerushalayim: and they killed the Pesach on the fourteenth day of the first month. 35:2He set the Kohanim in their offices, and encouraged them to the service of the house of Yahweh. 35:3He said to the Levites who taught all Yisra'el, who were holy to Yahweh, Put the holy ark in the house which Shelomo the son of David king of Yisra'el did build; there shall no more be a burden on your shoulders: now serve Yahweh your Mighty One, and his people Yisra'el. 35:4Prepare yourselves after your fathers' houses by your courses, according to the writing of David king of Yisra'el, and according to the writing of Shelomo his son. 35:5Stand in the holy place according to the divisions of the fathers' houses of your brothers the children of the people, and let there be for each a portion of a fathers' house of the Levites. 35:6Kill the Pesach, and sanctify yourselves, and prepare for your brothers, to do according to the word of Yahweh by Moshe. 35:7Yoshiyahu gave to the children of the people, of the flock, lambs and kids, all of them for the Pesach offerings, to all who were present, to the number of thirty thousand, and three thousand bulls: these were of the king's substance. 35:8His princes gave for a freewill- offering to the people, to the Kohanim, and to the Levites. Chilkiyah and Zekharyah and Yechi'el, the rulers of the house of the Mighty One, gave to the Kohanim for the Pesach offerings two thousand and six hundred small cattle, and three hundred oxen. 35:9Kananyahu also, and Shemayahu and Netan'el, his brothers, and Chashavyah and Ye`i'el and Yozavad, the chiefs of the Levites, gave to the Levites for the Pesach offerings five thousand small cattle, and five hundred oxen. 35:10So the service was prepared, and the Kohanim stood in their place, and the Levites by their courses, according to the king's commandment. 35:11They killed the Pesach, and the Kohanim sprinkled the blood which they received of their hand, and the Levites flayed them. 35:12They removed the burnt offerings, that they might give them according to the divisions of the fathers' houses of the children of the people, to offer to Yahweh, as it is written in the book of Moshe. So did they with the oxen. 35:13They roasted the Pesach with fire according to the ordinance: and the holy offerings boiled they in pots, and in caldrons, and in pans, and carried them quickly to all the children of the people. 35:14Afterward they prepared for themselves, and for the Kohanim, because the Kohanim the sons of Aharon were busied in offering the burnt offerings and the fat until night: therefore the Levites prepared for themselves, and for the Kohanim the sons of Aharon. 35:15The singers the sons of Asaf were in their place, according to the commandment of David, and Asaf, and Heman, and Yedutun the king's seer; and the porters were at every gate: they didn't need to depart from their service; for their brothers the Levites prepared for them. 35:16So all the service of Yahweh was prepared the same day, to keep the Pesach, and to offer burnt-offerings on the altar of Yahweh, according to the commandment of king Yoshiyahu. 35:17The children of Yisra'el who were present kept the Pesach at that time, and the feast of matzah seven days. 35:18There was no Pesach like that kept in Yisra'el from the days of Shemu'el the prophet; neither did any of the kings of Yisra'el keep such a Pesach as Yoshiyahu kept, and the Kohanim, and the Levites, and all Yahudah and Yisra'el who were present, and the inhabitants of Yerushalayim. 35:19In the eighteenth year of the reign of Yoshiyahu was this Pesach kept.It should be noted that this most notable of Yahweh's Pesachs kept in Yerushalayim was observed according to the commandment of Yahweh by Moshe.
Yahweh's Pesach Killed And Prepared Well Before Night
It should also be noted that it was the Levites who both killed the tens of thousands of Pesach offerings for the people, and also for themselves and the Kohanim. Their brethren the Kohanim had been busy with the bull offerings and their fat UNTIL NIGHT, as 35:14 shows. Implying that the Pesach service commences on the 14th day of the first month well before the night of the 15th day, when the Kohanim completed their bull offerings and subsequently ate the Pesach sacrifice, eating it together with matzah, according to the commandment of Yahweh by Moshe.
It should also be evident that the numerous tens of thousands of Pesach offerings were killed over a period of time likely spanning more than 30 to 45 minutes, the period of dusk, showing that the Pesach sacrificing could not have commenced after sunset. Rather, following the commandment of Yahweh by Moshe, the Pesach sacrificing commenced "at even, at the going down of the sun". This was well before the sun had set, and was FIRMLY on the 14th day of the first month, and before the 15th day of the first month.
It should therefore be clear that this historical and scriptural evidence shows that Yahweh's Pesach was killed on the 14th day of the first month, and eaten with matzah on the 15th day of the first month. The feast of matzah commenced with the eating of Yahweh's Pesach on the 15th day of the first month, until the end of the 21st day of the first month.
YAH'SHUAH'S LAST PESACH BEFORE HIS DEATH
26:17
Now on the first day of matzah, the disciples came to Yah'shuah, saying to him, "Where do you want us to prepare for you to eat the Pesach?"26:18
He said, "Go into the city to a certain person, and tell him, 'The Teacher says, "My time is at hand. I will keep the Pesach at your house with my disciples."'"26:19
The disciples did as Yah'shuah commanded them, and they prepared the Pesach. 26:20Now when evening had come, he was reclining at the table with the twelve disciples. 26:21As they were eating, he said, "Most assuredly I tell you, that one of you will betray me."26:22
They were exceedingly sorrowful, and each began to ask him, "It isn't me, is it, Master?"26:23
He answered, "He who dipped his hand with me in the dish, the same will betray me. 26:24The Son of Man goes, even as it is written of him, but woe to that man through whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would be better for that man if he had not been born."26:25
Yahudah, who betrayed him, answered, "It isn't me, is it, Rabbi?"He said to him, "So you have said."
26:26
As they were eating, Yah'shuah took bread, gave thanks for it, and broke it. He gave to the disciples, and said, "Take, eat; this is my body." 26:27He took the cup, gave thanks, and gave to them, saying, "Drink all of it, 26:28for this is my blood of the new covenant, which is poured out for many for the remission of sins. 26:29But I tell you that I will not drink of this fruit of the vine from now on, until that day when I drink it anew with you in my Father's kingdom." 26:30When they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives.The Terms "Pesach" And "Matzah" Used Interchangeably
26:17 uses the terms "Pesach" and "matzah" interchangeably. Strictly speaking, according to Yahweh's command by Moshe, Yahweh's Pesach is killed on the 14th day of the first month, and eaten on the 15th day of the first month. The 15th day of the first month is the first day of the seven-day feast of matzah, culminating at the end of the 21st day of the first month. Speaking loosely, the entire eight-day period, can be termed the days of matzah. With the first of these days being the day of Preparation, including the killing of Yahweh's Pesach, and the remaining seven days being those for eating Yahweh's Pesach on the first of the seven, and eating matzah on all the remaining seven days.
Therefore, the day for preparing the Pesach was the 14th day of the first month, the day Yah'shuah's disciples were speaking with him.
Pesach Eaten By Yah'shuah NOT Killed At Dusk
Now, some allege that Yahweh's Pesach is killed on the 14th day of the first month at dusk, immediately after the end of the 13th day and the commencement of the 14th day. If this was so then both Yah'shuah's disciples and Yah'shuah should have been ready by the beginning of the 14th day to both kill the Pesach, roast it, and eat it immediately subsequently. But this account in Mattityahu clearly shows that they were not ready to do so at the time they were speaking. In fact, the 14th day of the first month had already arrived, and Yah'shuah's disciples were still asking him where he wanted them to prepare the Pesach! They certainly were not ready to both kill and roast Yahweh's Pesach on dusk on the 14th day of the first month, immediately after the end of the 13th day. The theory that Yahweh's Pesach was killed and roasted at dusk on the 14th day, immediately after the end of the 13th day, therefore appears to be dubious!
26:17-20 shows that the disciples prepared the Pesach BEFORE evening had come, for it was when evening had come, AFTER the Pesach had been prepared, that Yah'shuah was reclining at table with his disciples! The Pesach was therefore, presumably, prepared according to Yahweh's commandment by Moshe, killed "at even, at the going down of the sun", which was well before evening had come at sunset!
The Yahudim Sought To Kill Yah'shuah Outside The Feast Of Matzah Period
14:1
It was now two days before the feast of the Pesach and the matzah, and the chief Kohanim and the Sofrim sought how they might take him with subtlety, and kill him. 14:2For they said, "Not during the feast, because there might be a riot of the people."It is noted that the chief Kohanim and the Sofrim sought to kill Yah'shuah outside the period of the feast of matzah, lest there be a riot among the people.
14:12
On the first day of matzah, when they sacrificed the Pesach, his disciples asked him, "Where do you want us to go and make ready that you may eat the Pesach?"14:13
He sent two of his disciples, and said to them, "Go into the city, and there will meet you a man carrying a pitcher of water. Follow him, 14:14and wherever he enters in, tell the master of the house, 'The Teacher says, "Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Pesach with my disciples?"' 14:15He will himself show you a large upper room furnished and ready. Make ready for us there." 14:16His disciples went out, and came into the city, and found things as he had said to them, and they prepared the Pesach.14:17
When it was evening he came with the twelve. 14:18As they sat and were eating, Yah'shuah said, "Most assuredly I tell you, one of you will betray me -- he who eats with me."14:19
They began to be sorrowful, and to ask him one by one, "Surely not I?" And another said, "Surely not I?"14:20
He answered them, "It is one of the twelve, he who dips with me in the dish. 14:21For the Son of Man goes, even as it is written about him, but woe to that man through whom the Son of Man is betrayed! It would be better for that man if he had not been born."14:22
As they were eating, Yah'shuah took bread, and when he had blessed, he broke it, and gave to them, and said, "Take, eat. This is my body." 14:23He took the cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave to them. They all drank of it. 14:24He said to them, "This is my blood of the new covenant, which is poured out for many. 14:25Most assuredly I tell you, I will no more drink of the fruit of the vine, until that day when I drink it anew in the kingdom of the Mighty One." 14:26When they had sung a hymn, they went out to the Mount of Olives.This account of Mark parallels that of Mattityahu already covered above.
Yah'shuah's Disciples Did Not Know Where To Prepare The Pesach When The Day Arrived
To reiterate, 14:12 shows that when the day for sacrificing the Pesach had arrived, the disciples did not even then know where it was that Yah'shuah wanted them to go and make ready for him to eat the Pesach. Thus showing that the Pesach was NOT sacrificed at dusk, between the 30 to 45 minute period of dusk. For if it was to be sacrificed during this period, the disciples would have known where it was that Yah'shuah had wanted to eat the Pesach, and would have largely been ready to so prepare the Pesach during this very limited period of time! But that they were not so ready discounts the theory that the Pesach was killed at dusk on the 14th day of the first month, immediately after the 13th day of the first month!
According to Yahweh's command by Moshe, as attested to by the scriptural and historical example of the Pesach kept by Yoshiyahu as shown in 2 Divre Hayamim 35, Yahweh's Pesach was killed on the 14th day of the first month "at even, at the going down of the sun". This was late on the 14th day, before its ending, and before the beginning of the 15th day of the first month, on which the fully prepared Pesach was eaten with matzah, the 15th day being the first of the seven days for eating matzah.
14:13 shows that at the time that Yah'shuah was conversing with his disciples, they were OUTSIDE the city of Yerushalayim. His disciples therefore had to go into the city of Yerushalayim and find the place for preparing Yahweh's Pesach for Yah'shuah and his disciples, and then subsequently prepare it. These were activities that, in all likelihood, took more than the 30 to 45 minute period of dusk on the 14th day, immediately after the end of the 13th day. It should therefore be clear that Yahweh's Pesach was killed on the 14th day by Yah'shuah's disciples "at even, at the going down of the sun", before the ending of the 14th day and the beginning of the 15th day.
Yah'shuah And His Disciples Ate The Pesach On The 15th Day Of The First Month
14:17-18 shows that it was not until it was evening, after the end of the 14th day and the beginning of the 15th day, that Yah'shuah and his disciples came to the prepared room and sat and subsequently ate the Pesach. The Pesach was therefore prepared BEFORE the evening, and was eaten when it was evening, after the sun had set, and the 15th day of the first month had commenced.
It should be noted that the word for "evening" in 14:17 is No. 3798 in the Greek Dictionary of the New Testament in Strong's Exhaustive Concordance:
opsios, op'-see-os; from 3796; late; fem. (as noun) afternoon (early eve) or nightfall (later eve):- even (-ing, [-tide]).
Strong's Exhaustive Concordance, Greek Dictionary of the New Testament, No. 3796:
opse, op-she'; from the same as 3694 (through the idea of backwardness); (adv.) late in the day; by extens. after the close of the day:- (at) even, in the end.
Seeing that opsios can mean both afternoon (early evening) or nightfall (later evening) - "between the two evenings" of afternoon and nightfall, it should be evident when Yah'shuah disciples sacrificed Yahweh's Pesach. Seeing that Yahweh's Pesach is to be sacrificed "at even, at the going down of the sun", and also "between the two evenings", it should be evident that it is sacrificed in the afternoon and eaten after the second evening of nightfall! Therefore, when Yah'shuah and his disciples came to the prepared room and sat and subsequently ate the Pesach, it was at the later evening at nightfall that they did so. Usage of opsios in Mark therefore appears to affirm what has already been seen from the various scriptural citations above in Shemot, Vayikra, Bamidbar and Devarim. The practice of Yah'shuah and his disciples is therefore seen to have been consistent with the instructions Yahweh gave Moshe for Yisrael!
The Terms "Feast Of Matzah" And "Pesach" Used Interchangeably
22:1
Now the feast of matzah drew near, which is called the Pesach.22:1 shows that the terms "feast of matzah" and "Pesach" were in common usage used interchangeably.
22:7
The day of matzah came, on which the Pesach must be sacrificed. 22:8He sent Kefa and Yahchanan, saying, "Go and prepare the Pesach for us, that we may eat."22:9
They said to him, "Where do you want us to prepare?"22:10
He said to them, "Behold, when you have entered into the city, a man carrying a pitcher of water will meet you. Follow him into the house which he enters. 22:11Tell the master of the house, 'The Teacher says to you, "Where is the guest room, where I may eat the Pesach with my disciples?"' 22:12He will show you a large, furnished upper room. Make preparations there."22:13
They went, found things as he had told them, and they prepared the Pesach. 22:14When the hour had come, he sat down with the twelve apostles. 22:15He said to them, "I have earnestly desired to eat this Pesach with you before I suffer, 22:16for I tell you, I will no longer by any means eat of it until it is fulfilled in the kingdom of the Mighty One." 22:17He received a cup, and when he had given thanks, he said, "Take this, and share it among yourselves, 22:18for I tell you, I will not drink at all again from the fruit of the vine, until the kingdom of the Mighty One comes." 22:19He took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it, and gave to them, saying, "This is my body which is given for you. Do this in memory of me." 22:20He took the cup in like manner after supper, saying, "This cup is the new covenant in my blood, that which is poured out for you. 22:21But behold, the hand of him who betrays me is with me on the table. 22:22The Son of Man indeed goes, as it has been determined, but woe to that man through whom he is betrayed!"22:23
They began to question among themselves, which of them it was that would do this thing. 22:24There arose also a contention among them, which of them was considered to be greatest. 22:25He said to them, "The kings of the Goyim master it over them, and those who have authority over them are called 'benefactors.' 22:26But not so with you. But one who is the greater among you, let him become as the lesser, and one who is governing, as one who serves. 22:27For who is greater, one who sits at the table, or one who serves? Isn't it he who sits at the table? But I am in the midst of you as one who serves. 22:28But you are those who have continued with me in my temptations. 22:29I appoint to you a kingdom, even as my Father appointed to me, 22:30that you may eat and drink at my table in my kingdom. You will sit on thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Yisra'el."22:31
The Master said, "Shim`on, Shim`on, behold, Hasatan asked to have you, that he might sift you as wheat, 22:32but I prayed for you, that your faith wouldn't fail. You, when once you have turned again, establish your brothers."22:33
He said to him, "Master, I am ready to go with you both to prison and to death!"22:34
He said, "I tell you, Kefa, the rooster will by no means crow today, before you deny that you know me three times."22:35
He said to them, "When I sent you out without purse, and wallet, and shoes, did you lack anything?"They said, "Nothing."
22:36
Then he said to them, "But now, whoever has a purse, let him take it, and likewise a wallet. Whoever has none, let him sell his cloak, and buy a sword. 22:37For I tell you that this which is written must still be fulfilled in me: 'He was counted with the lawless.' For that which concerns me has an end."22:38
They said, "Master, behold, here are two swords."He said to them, "That is enough."
This account in Luke parallels the two accounts already covered above by Mattityahu and Mark.
Kefa And Yahchanan Prepared The Pesach Well Before "The Hour Had Come" For Eating It
22:8 notes that it was Kefa and Yahchanan whom Yah'shuah instructed to prepare the Pesach for them all to eat.
22:13-14 notes that Kefa and Yahchanan prepared the Pesach well before "the hour had come" for eating it. In other words, the Pesach was prepared on the 14th day of the first month, and eaten on the 15th day of the first month.
The Yahudim Had Their Own Pesach
6:4
Now the Pesach, the feast of the Yahudim, was at hand.Yahchanan terms the Pesach "the feast of the Yahudim". Nevertheless, we had earlier seen that it was Yahweh who gave commandment to Yisrael by Moshe to observe his Pesach. That Yahchanan has termed a Pesach as the feast of the Yahudim INDICATES that the Yahudim were observing THEIR OWN Pesach that was quite DISTINCT from Yahweh's Pesach!
11:55
Now the Pesach of the Yahudim was at hand. Many went up to Yerushalayim out of the country before the Pesach, to purify themselves.That Yahchanan uses the phrase "the Pesach of the Yahudim" INDICATES that this "Pesach of the Yahudim" was quite DISTINCT from Yahweh's Pesach!
Yah'shuah And His Disciples Ate Yahweh's Pesach Before The "Pesach Of The Yahudim"
13:1
Now before the feast of the Pesach, Yah'shuah knowing that his time had come that he would depart out of this world to his Father, having loved his own who were in the world, he loved them to the end. 13:2After supper, the devil having already put into the heart of Yahudah from K'riot, Shim`on's son, to betray himIt should be noted that the Pesach that Yahchanan speaks of here in 13:1 is that of the Yahudim, as he had twice already explained as shown in the scriptures above. Therefore, when Yah'shuah and his disciples had eaten Yahweh's Pesach - "supper", it was still before the feast of the Yahudim's Pesach! For the accounts in Mattityahu, Mark and Luke clearly show that the meal that Yah'shuah ate on the night before he was killed was indeed Yahweh's Pesach!
It should therefore be clear that Yahweh's Pesach, that Yah'shuah ate with his disciples, was indeed DIFFERENT from "the Pesach of the Yahudim". Yah'shuah and his disciples had eaten Yahweh's Pesach BEFORE the Yahudim had killed their Pesach! The "Pesach of the Yahudim" therefore cannot be used as definitive for assessing the validity of practices pertaining to Yahweh's Pesach!
18:28
They led Yah'shuah therefore from Kayafa into the Praetorium. It was early, and they themselves didn't enter into the Praetorium, that they might not be defiled, but might eat the Pesach.This verse further shows that the Yahudim's Pesach was indeed different from Yahweh's Pesach that Yah'shuah and his disciples ate the previous night. The Yahudim were eating their Pesach one day after Yah'shuah had eaten Yahweh's Pesach!
19:14
Now it was the Preparation of the Pesach, at about the sixth hour. He said to the Yahudim, "Behold, your King!"The preparation of Yahweh's Pesach, as prepared by Kefa and Yahchanan, had already been completed the previous day, and eaten on the previous night. The Yahudim's Preparation of their Pesach was one day after that of Yahweh's Pesach!
From the scriptural analysis above, it is EVIDENTLY CLEAR that Yahweh's Pesach is sacrificed on the 14th day of the first month of the year, the month Aviv. It is killed "at even, at the going down of the sun", late on the 14th day, prior to the 15th day. On the 15th day is the first day of the seven-day feast of matzah. On the 15th day, after sunset ending the 14th day and commencing the 15th day, Yahweh's Pesach is eaten, together with matzah!
Historical and scriptural evidence from the days of Yoshiyahu king of Yahudah, as shown in 2 Divre Hayamim 35, shows that Yahweh's Pesach was indeed killed on the 14th day of the first month, and eaten on the 15th day of the month.
Additional historical and scriptural evidence from the accounts of Mattityahu, Mark, Luke and Yahchanan clearly shows that the Pesach Yah'shuah ate immediately prior to his death was NOT killed at dusk on the 14th day of the first month. It was killed on the 14th day of the first month "at even, at the going down of the sun", well before the evening, marked by sunset. At evening, marked by sunset, marking the end of the 14th day and the beginning of the 15th day, Yah'shuah and his disciples ate Yahweh's Pesach, according to Yahweh's commandment by Moshe.
Yah'shuah and his disciples observed Yahweh's Pesach on the year of Yah'shuah's death one day before the Yahudim observed their own Pesach. It is therefore evident that during the time of Yah'shuah the Yahudim did not observe Yahweh's Pesach, observing instead their own Pesach according to rules not in harmony with Yahweh's commandment by Moshe. The practice of the Yahudim during Yah'shuah's time is therefore not definitive for purposes of assessing the correct manner to observe Yahweh's Pesach.
Return to Servants of Yahweh Site Contents page.
© 1998, Isaac Aluochier, All rights reserved. Published by Servants of Yahweh, P O Box 22855, London, NW9 8ZF, United Kingdom. E-mail: servantsofyahweh@serveyahweh.org. Permission is hereby GRANTED to reproduce this and other publications in the Servants of Yahweh web site, http://www.serveyahweh.org, unless otherwise stated.
Financial contributions, payable to Servants of Yahweh, and sent to P O Box 22855, London, NW9 8ZF, United Kingdom, are welcome and gratefully received. These facilitate the effective distribution of the word Yahweh has given us, both in electronic and hard copy formats. Not all have easy access to the Internet and therefore cannot easily access our web site, http://www.serveyahweh.org, for this information where it is freely available. These need hard copies of the information published on our web site. Production and distribution of books and booklets is significantly more costly than publishing and distributing material over the Internet. In this regard your financial contributions, whether by way of tithes and/or freewill offerings, go a great way in disseminating the word Yahweh has given us to the people he wills it to reach. May Yahweh richly bless you for your financial contributions to Servants of Yahweh.