Yisrael Had Priests Prior To The Institution Of The Aharonic Priesthood
19:21
Yahweh said to Moshe, "Go down, charge the people, lest they break through to Yahweh to gaze, and many of them perish. 19:22Let the Kohanim also, who come near to Yahweh, sanctify themselves, lest Yahweh break forth on them."19:23
Moshe said to Yahweh, "The people can't come up to Mount Sinai, for you charged us, saying, 'Set bounds around the mountain, and sanctify it.'"19:24
Yahweh said to him, "Go down and you shall bring Aharon up with you, but don't let the Kohanim and the people break through to come up to Yahweh, lest he break forth on them."19:25
So Moshe went down to the people, and told them.It is evident from 19:22 and 19:24 that the children of Yisrael were categorised into two groups - Kohanim or priests, and those who were not priests. It should therefore be clear that there were priests among the children of Yisrael PRIOR to Yahweh entering into covenant with them.
Yahweh Proposed To Make All Of Yisrael Malki-Tzedek Priests
It should also be noted that the covenant that Yahweh was entering into with them was to make the ENTIRE children of Yisrael, the ENTIRE nation, a kingdom of priests. The proposal did not limit "kingdom of priests" to the priests who existed among the children of Yisrael at the time the proposal was made. "Kingdom of priests" encompassed the entire children of Yisrael, both those who were then priests, and those who were not.
It should also be noted that the priests then existing at the time Yahweh proposed to enter into covenant with Yisrael were not Malki-Tzedek priests. They were priests after the order of firstborn sons, and not necessarily after the order of Malki-Tzedek, seeing the promise of a kingdom was not made exclusively to them.
What were the children of Yisrael to do once Yahweh had made them a kingdom of priests? Among whom were they to administer their priestly duties?
It should be evident that the entire nation of Yisrael was divided into those who were priests, and those who were not priests. The priests performed their priestly duties in the company of the rest of the children of Yisrael. Likewise, seeing that Yahweh chose the children of Yisrael as his own possession out of all the peoples of the earth, it appears that the people among whom the children of Yisrael were and are to perform their priestly duties is the entire human family. In other words, out of all the families of the earth, it is the children of Yisrael who are priests, while the rest are not necessarily so. And they are priests patterned after the order of Malki-Tzedek, for they are also a kingdom.
Institution Of The Aharonic Priesthood
28:1
"Bring Aharon your brother, and his sons with him, near to you from among the children of Yisra'el, that he may minister to me in the Kohen's office, even Aharon, Nadav and Avihu, El`azar and Itamar, Aharon's sons. 28:2You shall make holy garments for Aharon your brother, for glory and for beauty. 28:3You shall speak to all who are wise-hearted, whom I have filled with the spirit of wisdom, that they make Aharon's garments to sanctify him, that he may minister to me in the Kohen's office. 28:4These are the garments which they shall make: a breastplate, and an efod, and a robe, and a coat of checker work, a turban, and a sash: and they shall make holy garments for Aharon your brother, and his sons, that he may minister to me in the Kohen's office. 28:5They shall take the gold, and the blue, and the purple, and the scarlet, and the fine linen.28:6
"They shall make the efod of gold, of blue, and purple, scarlet, and fine twined linen, the work of the skillful workman. 28:7It shall have two shoulder-pieces joined to the two ends of it, that it may be joined together. 28:8The skillfully woven band, which is on it, that is on him, shall be like its work and of the same piece; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen. 28:9You shall take two shoham stones, and engrave on them the names of the children of Yisra'el: 28:10six of their names on the one stone, and the names of the six that remain on the other stone, in the order of their birth. 28:11With the work of an engraver in stone, like the engravings of a signet, shall you engrave the two stones, according to the names of the children of Yisra'el: you shall make them to be enclosed in settings of gold. 28:12You shall put the two stones on the shoulder-pieces of the efod, to be stones of memorial for the children of Yisra'el: and Aharon shall bear their names before Yahweh on his two shoulders for a memorial. 28:13You shall make settings of gold, 28:14and two chains of pure gold; you make them like cords shall, of braided work: and you shall put the braided chains on the settings.28:15
"You shall make a breastplate of judgment, the work of the skillful workman; like the work of the efod you shall make it; of gold, of blue, and purple, and scarlet, and fine twined linen, shall you make it. 28:16It shall be square and folded double; a span shall be its length of it, and a span its breadth. 28:17You shall set in it settings of stones, four rows of stones: a row of odem, pitdah, and bareket shall be the first row; 28:18and the second row a nofek, a sappir, and an yahalom; 28:19and the third row a lehshem, an shebu, and an akhlamah; 28:20and the fourth row a tarshish, an shoham, and a yashefay: they shall be enclosed in gold in their settings. 28:21The stones shall be according to the names of the children of Yisra'el, twelve, according to their names; like the engravings of a signet, everyone according to his name, they shall be for the twelve tribes. 28:22You shall make on the breastplate chains like cords, of braided work of pure gold. 28:23You shall make on the breastplate two rings of gold, and shall put the two rings on the two ends of the breastplate. 28:24You shall put the two braided chains of gold in the two rings at the ends of the breastplate. 28:25The other two ends of the two braided chains you shall put on the two settings, and put them on the shoulder-pieces of the efod in the forepart of it. 28:26You shall make two rings of gold, and you shall put them on the two ends of the breastplate, on its edge, which is toward the side of the efod inward. 28:27You shall make two rings of gold, and shall put them on the two shoulder-pieces of the efod underneath, in the forepart of it, close by the coupling of it, above the skillfully woven band of the efod. 28:28They shall bind the breastplate by the rings of it to the rings of the efod with a lace of blue, that it may be on the skillfully woven band of the efod, and that the breastplate may not swing out from the efod. 28:29Aharon shall bear the names of the children of Yisra'el in the breastplate of judgment on his heart, when he goes in to the holy place, for a memorial before Yahweh continually. 28:30You shall put in the breastplate of judgment the Urim and the Tummim; and they shall be on Aharon's heart, when he goes in before Yahweh: and Aharon shall bear the judgment of the children of Yisra'el on his heart before Yahweh continually.28:31
"You shall make the robe of the efod all of blue. 28:32It shall have a hole for the head in the midst of it: it shall have a binding of woven work round about the hole of it, as it were the hole of a coat of mail, that it not be torn. 28:33On its tzitzit you shall make pomegranates of blue, and of purple, and of scarlet, around its tzitzit; and bells of gold between them round about: 28:34a golden bell and a pomegranate, a golden bell and a pomegranate, on the tzitzit of the robe round about. 28:35It shall be on Aharon to minister: and the sound of it shall be heard when he goes in to the holy place before Yahweh, and when he comes out, that he not die.28:36
"You shall make a plate of pure gold, and engrave on it, like the engravings of a signet, 'HOLY TO YAHWEH.' 28:37You shall put it on a lace of blue, and it shall be on the sash; on the front of the sash it shall be. 28:38It shall be on Aharon's forehead, and Aharon shall bear the iniquity of the holy things, which the children of Yisra'el shall make holy in all their holy gifts; and it shall be always on his forehead, that they may be accepted before Yahweh. 28:39You shall weave the coat in checker work of fine linen, and you shall make a turban of fine linen, and you shall make a sash, the work of the embroiderer.28:40
"You shall make coats for Aharon's sons, and you shall make sashes for them and headbands shall you make for them, for glory and for beauty. 28:41You shall put them on Aharon your brother, and on his sons with him, and shall anoint them, and consecrate them, and sanctify them, that they may minister to me in the Kohen's office. 28:42You shall make them linen breeches to cover the flesh of their nakedness; from the loins even to the thighs they shall reach: 28:43They shall be on Aharon, and on his sons, when they go in to the tent of meeting, or when they come near to the altar to minister in the holy place; that they don't bear iniquity, and die: it shall be a statute forever to him and to his descendants after him.29:1
"This is the thing that you shall do to them to make them holy, to minister to me in the Kohen's office: take one young bull and two rams without blemish, 29:2matzah, unleavened cakes mixed with oil, and unleavened wafers anointed with oil: you shall make them of fine wheat flour. 29:3You shall put them into one basket, and bring them in the basket, with the bull and the two rams. 29:4You shall bring Aharon and his sons to the door of the tent of meeting, and shall wash them with water. 29:5You shall take the garments, and put on Aharon the coat, the robe of the efod, the efod, and the breastplate, and dress him with the skillfully woven band of the efod; 29:6and you shall set the turban on his head, and put the holy crown on the turban. 29:7Then you shall take the anointing oil, and pour it on his head, and anoint him. 29:8You shall bring his sons, and put coats on them. 29:9You shall dress them with belts, Aharon and his sons, and bind headbands on them: and they shall have the priesthood by a perpetual statute: and you shall consecrate Aharon and his sons.29:10
"You shall bring the bull before the tent of meeting: and Aharon and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the bull. 29:11You shall kill the bull before Yahweh, at the door of the tent of meeting. 29:12You shall take of the blood of the bull, and put it on the horns of the altar with your finger; and you shall pour out all the blood at the base of the altar. 29:13You shall take all the fat that covers the innards, the cover of the liver, the two kidneys, and the fat that is on them, and burn them on the altar. 29:14But the flesh of the bull, and its skin, and its dung, you shall burn with fire outside of the camp: it is a sin-offering.29:15
"You shall also take the one ram; and Aharon and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the ram. 29:16You shall kill the ram, and you shall take its blood, and sprinkle it around on the altar. 29:17You shall cut the ram into its pieces, and wash its innards, and its legs, and put them with its pieces, and with its head. 29:18You shall burn the whole ram on the altar: it is a burnt offering to Yahweh; it is a sweet savor, an offering made by fire to Yahweh.29:19
"You shall take the other ram; and Aharon and his sons shall lay their hands on the head of the ram. 29:20Then you shall kill the ram, and take some of its blood, and put it on the tip of the right ear of Aharon, and on the tip of the right ear of his sons, and on the thumb of their right hand, and on the big toe of their right foot, and sprinkle the blood on the altar round about. 29:21You shall take of the blood that is on the altar, and of the anointing oil, and sprinkle it on Aharon, and on his garments, and on his sons, and on the garments of his sons with him: and he shall be made holy, and his garments, and his sons, and his sons' garments with him. 29:22Also you shall take some of the ram's fat, the fat tail, the fat that covers the innards, the cover of the liver, the two kidneys, the fat that is on them, and the right thigh (for it is a ram of consecration), 29:23and one loaf of bread, one cake of oiled bread, and one wafer out of the basket of matzah that is before Yahweh. 29:24You shall put all of this in Aharon's hands, and in his sons' hands, and shall wave them for a wave-offering before Yahweh. 29:25You shall take them from their hands, and burn them on the altar on the burnt offering, for a sweet savor before Yahweh: it is an offering made by fire to Yahweh.29:26
"You shall take the breast of Aharon's ram of consecration, and wave it for a wave-offering before Yahweh: and it shall be your portion. 29:27You shall sanctify the breast of the wave-offering, and the thigh of the heave-offering, which is waved, and which is heaved up, of the ram of consecration, even of that which is for Aharon, and of that which is for his sons: 29:28and it shall be for Aharon and his sons as their portion forever from the children of Yisra'el; for it is a heave-offering: and it shall be a heave-offering from the children of Yisra'el of the sacrifices of their peace-offerings, even their heave-offering to Yahweh.29:29
"The holy garments of Aharon shall be for his sons after him, to be anointed in them, and to be consecrated in them. 29:30Seven days shall the son who is Kohen in his place put them on, when he comes into the tent of meeting to minister in the holy place.29:31
"You shall take the ram of consecration, and boil its flesh in a holy place. 29:32Aharon and his sons shall eat the flesh of the ram, and the bread that is in the basket, at the door of the tent of meeting. 29:33They shall eat those things wherewith atonement was made, to consecrate and sanctify them: but a stranger shall not eat of it, because they are holy. 29:34If anything of the flesh of the consecration, or of the bread, remains to the morning, then you shall burn the remainder with fire: it shall not be eaten, because it is holy.29:35
"Thus shall you do to Aharon, and to his sons, according to all that I have commanded you. Seven days shall you consecrate them. 29:36Every day shall you offer the bull of sin-offering for atonement: and you shall cleanse the altar, when you make atonement for it; and you shall anoint it, to sanctify it. 29:37Seven days you shall make atonement for the altar, and sanctify it: and the altar shall be most holy; whatever touches the altar shall be holy.29:38
"Now this is that which you shall offer on the altar: two lambs a year old day by day continually. 29:39The one lamb you shall offer in the morning; and the other lamb you shall offer at evening: 29:40and with the one lamb a tenth part of an efah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink-offering. 29:41The other lamb you shall offer at evening, and shall do to it according to the meal-offering of the morning, and according to its drink-offering, for a sweet savor, an offering made by fire to Yahweh. 29:42It shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the tent of meeting before Yahweh, where I will meet with you, to speak there to you. 29:43There I will meet with the children of Yisra'el; and the place shall be sanctified by my glory. 29:44I will sanctify the tent of meeting and the altar: Aharon also and his sons I will sanctify, to minister to me in the Kohen's office. 29:45I will dwell among the children of Yisra'el, and will be their Mighty One. 29:46They shall know that I am Yahweh their Mighty One, who brought them forth out of the land of Mitzrayim, that I might dwell among them: I am Yahweh their Mighty One.30:1
"You shall make an altar to burn incense on. You shall make it of shittim wood. 30:2Its length shall be a cubit, and its breadth a cubit. It shall be square, and its height shall be two cubits. Its horns shall be of one piece with it. 30:3You shall overlay it with pure gold, the top of it, the sides of it around it, and its horns; and you shall make a gold molding around it. 30:4You shall make two golden rings for it under its molding; on its two ribs, on its two sides you shall make them; and they shall be for places for poles with which to bear it. 30:5You shall make the poles of shittim wood, and overlay them with gold. 30:6You shall put it before the veil that is by the ark of the testimony, before the mercy seat that is over the testimony, where I will meet with you. 30:7Aharon shall burn incense of sweet spices on it every morning. When he tends the lamps, he shall burn it. 30:8When Aharon lights the lamps at evening, he shall burn it, a perpetual incense before Yahweh throughout your generations. 30:9You shall offer no strange incense on it, nor burnt offering, nor meal-offering; and you shall pour no drink-offering on it. 30:10Aharon shall make atonement on its horns once in the year; with the blood of the sin offering of atonement once in the year he shall make atonement for it throughout your generations. It is most holy to Yahweh."30:11
Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 30:12"When you take a census of the children of Yisra'el, according to those who are numbered among them, then each man shall give a ransom for his soul to Yahweh, when you number them; that there be no plague among them when you number them. 30:13They shall give this, everyone who passes over to those who are numbered, half a shekel after the shekel of the sanctuary; (the shekel is twenty gerahs;) half a shekel for an offering to Yahweh. 30:14Everyone who passes over to those who are numbered, from twenty years old and upward, shall give the offering to Yahweh. 30:15The rich shall not give more, and the poor shall not give less, than the half shekel, when they give the offering of Yahweh, to make atonement for your souls. 30:16You shall take the atonement money from the children of Yisra'el, and shall appoint it for the service of the tent of meeting; that it may be a memorial for the children of Yisra'el before Yahweh, to make atonement for your souls."30:17
Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 30:18"You shall also make a basin of brass, and the base of it of brass, in which to wash. You shall put it between the tent of meeting and the altar, and you shall put water in it. 30:19Aharon and his sons shall wash their hands and their feet in it. 30:20When they go into the tent of meeting, they shall wash with water, that they not die; or when they come near to the altar to minister, to burn an offering made by fire to Yahweh. 30:21So they shall wash their hands and their feet, that they not die: and it shall be a statute forever to them, even to him and to his descendants throughout their generations."30:22
Moreover Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 30:23"Also take fine spices: of liquid myrrh, five hundred shekels; and of fragrant cinnamon half as much, even two hundred and fifty; and of fragrant cane, two hundred and fifty; 30:24and of cassia five hundred, after the shekel of the sanctuary; and a hin of olive oil. 30:25You shall make it a holy anointing oil, a perfume compounded after the art of the perfumer: it shall be a holy anointing oil. 30:26You shall use it to anoint the tent of meeting, the ark of the testimony, 30:27the table and all its articles, the lampstand and its accessories, the altar of incense, 30:28the altar of burnt offering with all its utensils, and the basin with its base. 30:29You shall sanctify them, that they may be most holy. Whatever touches them shall be holy. 30:30You shall anoint Aharon and his sons, and sanctify them, that they may minister to me in the Kohen's office. 30:31You shall speak to the children of Yisra'el, saying, 'This shall be a holy anointing oil to me throughout your generations. 30:32It shall not be poured on man's flesh, neither shall you make any like it, according to its composition: it is holy. It shall be holy to you. 30:33Whoever compounds any like it, or whoever puts any of it on a stranger, he shall be cut off from his people.'"30:34
Yahweh said to Moshe, "Take to yourself sweet spices, gum resin, and onycha, and galbanum; sweet spices with pure frankincense: of each shall there be an equal weight; 30:35and you shall make incense of it, a perfume after the art of the perfumer, seasoned with salt, pure and holy: 30:36and you shall beat some of it very small, and put some of it before the testimony in the tent of meeting, where I will meet with you. It shall be to you most holy. 30:37The incense which you shall make, according to its composition you shall not make for yourselves: it shall be to you holy for Yahweh. 30:38Whoever shall make any like that, to smell of it, he shall be cut off from his people."31:1
Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 31:2"Behold, I have called by name Betzal'el the son of Uri, the son of Chur, of the tribe of Yahudah: 31:3and I have filled him with the Spirit of The Mighty One, in wisdom, and in understanding, and in knowledge, and in all manner of workmanship, 31:4to devise skillful works, to work in gold, and in silver, and in brass, 31:5and in cutting of stones for setting, and in carving of wood, to work in all manner of workmanship. 31:6I, behold, I have appointed with him Aholi'av, the son of Achisamakh, of the tribe of Dan; and in the heart of all who are wise-hearted I have put wisdom, that they may make all that I have commanded you: 31:7the tent of meeting, the ark of the testimony, the mercy seat that is on it, all the furniture of the Tent, 31:8the table and its vessels, the pure lampstand with all its vessels, the altar of incense, 31:9the altar of burnt offering with all its vessels, the basin and its base, 31:10the finely worked garments -- the holy garments for Aharon the Kohen -- the garments of his sons to minister in the Kohen's office, 31:11the anointing oil, and the incense of sweet spices for the holy place: according to all that I have commanded you they shall do."31:12
Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 31:13"Speak also to the children of Yisra'el, saying, 'Most assuredly you shall keep my Shabbatot: for it is a sign between me and you throughout your generations; that you may know that I am Yahweh who sanctifies you. 31:14You shall keep the Shabbat therefore; for it is holy to you. Everyone who profanes it shall surely be put to death; for whoever does any work therein, that soul shall be cut off from among his people. 31:15Six days shall work be done, but on the seventh day is a Shabbat of solemn rest, holy to Yahweh. Whoever does any work on the Shabbat day shall surely be put to death. 31:16Therefore the children of Yisra'el shall keep the Shabbat, to observe the Shabbat throughout their generations, for a perpetual covenant. 31:17It is a sign between me and the children of Yisra'el forever; for in six days Yahweh made Heaven and earth, and on the seventh day he rested, and was refreshed.'"31:18
He gave to Moshe, when he finished speaking with him on mount Sinai, the two tablets of the testimony, stone tablets, written with The Mighty One's finger.Yahweh Chose Aharon's Family To Be His Priests
28:1 shows that Yahweh chose Aharon's family to minister to him in the Kohen's or priest's office.
28:2-3 shows that for the Kohen to minister to Yahweh he needed to wear particular garments for glory and for beauty. What was the significance of these garments for glory and for beauty?
What was the significance of Aharon bearing the judgement of the children of Yisrael on his heart before Yahweh continually, as seen in 28:29-30?
Priests Are To Facilitate People In Their Domain Being Accepted Before Yahweh
28:38 shows that the priest was to serve in such a manner as to facilitate the people being accepted before Yahweh. It is therefore evident that one of the works of a priest is to serve in such a manner as to facilitate the people under their domain being accepted before Yahweh.
Aharon's House To Have The Priesthood In Yisrael Perpetually
29:9 shows that Yahweh gave Aharon's house the priesthood by a PERPETUAL statute. Implying that as long as Aharon's house exists, it will retain the priesthood within the domain of the children of Yisrael.
Aharonic Priesthood Prophetically Picturing Malki-Tzedek Priesthood
29:42-46 gives a glimpse of the future. These verses portray Yahweh as meeting with the children of Yisrael at the door of the tent of meeting. They also portray Yahweh as dwelling among the children of Yisrael, and being their Mighty One. They also show that the PURPOSE Yahweh delivered the children of Yisrael out of the land of Mitzrayim was TO DWELL AMONG THEM.
Seeing that the Aharonic priesthood is a picture of the true priesthood, the Malki-Tzedek priesthood, it should be evident the reason Yahweh has called those that he has to salvation and everlasting life is that he may DWELL AMONG THEM. In other words, at Yahweh's appointed time, Yahweh will indeed dwell among human beings!
30:10 shows that a function of the priest was to make atonement, doing this occasionally at appointed times.
Within Yisrael Aharon And His Son's Priesthood Is Everlasting Throughout Their Generations
40:12
You shall bring Aharon and his sons to the door of the tent of meeting, and shall wash them with water. 40:13You shall put on Aharon the holy garments; and you shall anoint him, and sanctify him, that he may minister to me in the Kohen's office. 40:14You shall bring his sons, and put coats on them. 40:15You shall anoint them, as you anointed their father, that they may minister to me in the Kohen's office. Their anointing shall be to them for an everlasting priesthood throughout their generations.40:15 reiterates that the priesthood within Yisrael was for Aharon's house as an EVERLASTING priesthood throughout all the generations of the children of Yisrael.
4:1
Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 4:2Speak to the children of Yisra'el, saying, If anyone shall sin unwittingly, in any of the things which Yahweh has commanded not to be done, and shall do any one of them: 4:3if the anointed Kohen shall sin so as to bring guilt on the people, then let him offer for his sin, which he has sinned, a young bull without blemish to Yahweh for a sin-offering. 4:4He shall bring the bull to the door of the tent of meeting before Yahweh; and he shall lay his hand on the head of the bull, and kill the bull before Yahweh. 4:5The anointed Kohen shall take of the blood of the bull, and bring it to the tent of meeting: 4:6and the Kohen shall dip his finger in the blood, and sprinkle of the blood seven times before Yahweh, before the veil of the sanctuary. 4:7The Kohen shall put of the blood on the horns of the altar of sweet incense before Yahweh, which is in the tent of meeting; and all the blood of the bull shall he pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering, which is at the door of the tent of meeting. 4:8All the fat of the bull of the sin-offering he shall take off from it; the fat that covers the inwards, and all the fat that is on the inwards, 4:9and the two kidneys, and the fat that is on them, which is by the loins, and the cover on the liver, with the kidneys, shall he take away, 4:10as it is taken off from the ox of the sacrifice of peace-offerings: and the Kohen shall burn them on the altar of burnt offering. 4:11The skin of the bull, and all its flesh, with its head, and with its legs, and its inwards, and its dung, 4:12even the whole bull shall he carry forth outside the camp to a clean place, where the ashes are poured out, and burn it on wood with fire: where the ashes are poured out shall it be burnt.4:13
If the whole congregation of Yisra'el err, and the thing be hid from the eyes of the assembly, and they have done any of the things which Yahweh has commanded not to be done, and are guilty; 4:14when the sin in which they have sinned is known, then the assembly shall offer a young bull for a sin-offering, and bring it before the tent of meeting. 4:15The Zakenim of the congregation shall lay their hands on the head of the bull before Yahweh; and the bull shall be killed before Yahweh. 4:16The anointed Kohen shall bring of the blood of the bull to the tent of meeting: 4:17and the Kohen shall dip his finger in the blood, and sprinkle it seven times before Yahweh, before the veil. 4:18He shall put of the blood on the horns of the altar which is before Yahweh, that is in the tent of meeting; and all the blood shall he pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering, which is at the door of the tent of meeting. 4:19All the fat of it shall he take off from it, and burn it on the altar. 4:20Thus shall he do with the bull; as he did with the bull of the sin-offering, so shall he do with this; and the Kohen shall make atonement for them, and they shall be forgiven. 4:21He shall carry forth the bull outside the camp, and burn it as he burned the first bull: it is the sin-offering for the assembly.4:22
When a ruler sins, and does unwittingly any one of all the things which Yahweh his Mighty One has commanded not to be done, and is guilty; 4:23if his sin, in which he has sinned, be made known to him, he shall bring for his offering a goat, a male without blemish. 4:24He shall lay his hand on the head of the goat, and kill it in the place where they kill the burnt-offering before Yahweh: it is a sin-offering. 4:25The Kohen shall take of the blood of the sin-offering with his finger, and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering; and the blood of it shall he pour out at the base of the altar of burnt offering. 4:26All the fat of it shall he burn on the altar, as the fat of the sacrifice of peace-offerings; and the Kohen shall make atonement for him as concerning his sin, and he shall be forgiven.4:27
If anyone of the common people sin unwittingly, in doing any of the things which Yahweh has commanded not to be done, and be guilty; 4:28if his sin, which he has sinned, be made known to him, then he shall bring for his offering a goat, a female without blemish, for his sin which he has sinned. 4:29He shall lay his hand on the head of the sin-offering, and kill the sin-offering in the place of burnt offering. 4:30The Kohen shall take of the blood of it with his finger, and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering; and all the blood of it shall he pour out at the base of the altar. 4:31All the fat of it shall he take away, as the fat is taken away from off the sacrifice of peace-offerings; and the Kohen shall burn it on the altar for a sweet savor to Yahweh; and the Kohen shall make atonement for him, and he shall be forgiven. 4:32If he bring a lamb as his offering for a sin-offering, he shall bring it a female without blemish. 4:33He shall lay his hand on the head of the sin-offering, and kill it for a sin-offering in the place where they kill the burnt offering. 4:34The Kohen shall take of the blood of the sin-offering with his finger, and put it on the horns of the altar of burnt offering; and all the blood of it shall he pour out at the base of the altar: 4:35and all the fat of it shall he take away, as the fat of the lamb is taken away from the sacrifice of peace-offerings; and the Kohen shall burn them on the altar, on the offerings of Yahweh made by fire; and the Kohen shall make atonement for him as touching his sin that he has sinned, and he shall be forgiven.Actions Of A Priest Imputed To Those Under His Domain
4:3 notes that the sin of the anointed Kohen or priest brings guilt on the people under the domain of the anointed priest. In other words, the anointed priest's sin is imputed upon the people. Seeing that the anointed priest's sin brings guilt on the people under his domain, it would appear that the atonement for sin by the anointed priest atones for the sin of the people. And in the same vein, the righteousness of the anointed priest is imputed upon the people under his domain.
Seeing that the Aharonic priesthood is a representation of the Malki-Tzedek priesthood, it should be evident that the atoning act of the Malki-Tzedek High Priest, meaning Yah'shuah the Messiah, is imputed upon all under the domain of the Malki-Tzedek High Priest, meaning all human beings! Also, the righteousness of Yah'shuah the Messiah, the anointed High Priest of the Malki-Tzedek order, is imputed upon all who are Yah'shuah's, all who are under his domain.
Priests To Make Atonement For Those Under Their Domain
5:1
If anyone sins, in that he hears the voice of adjuration, he being a witness, whether he has seen or known, if he doesn't report it, then he shall bear his iniquity. 5:2Or if anyone touch any unclean thing, whether it be the carcass of an unclean animal, or the carcass of unclean cattle, or the carcass of unclean creeping things, and it be hidden from him, and he be unclean, then he shall be guilty. 5:3Or if he touch the uncleanness of man, whatever his uncleanness be wherewith he is unclean, and it be hid from him; when he knows of it, then he shall be guilty. 5:4Or if anyone swear rashly with his lips to do evil, or to do good, whatever it be that a man shall utter rashly with an oath, and it be hid from him; when he knows of it, then he shall be guilty in one of these things. 5:5It shall be, when he shall be guilty in one of these things, that he shall confess that in which he has sinned: 5:6and he shall bring his trespass-offering to Yahweh for his sin which he has sinned, a female from the flock, a lamb or a goat, for a sin-offering; and the Kohen shall make atonement for him as concerning his sin.5:7
If his means aren't sufficient for a lamb, then he shall bring his trespass-offering for that in which he has sinned, two turtle-doves, or two young pigeons, to Yahweh; one for a sin-offering, and the other for a burnt offering. 5:8He shall bring them to the Kohen, who shall offer that which is for the sin-offering first, and wring off its head from its neck, but shall not divide it apart: 5:9and he shall sprinkle of the blood of the sin-offering on the side of the altar; and the rest of the blood shall be drained out at the base of the altar: it is a sin-offering. 5:10He shall offer the second for a burnt offering, according to the ordinance; and the Kohen shall make atonement for him as concerning his sin which he has sinned, and he shall be forgiven.5:11
But if his means aren't sufficient for two turtle-doves, or two young pigeons, then he shall bring his offering for that in which he has sinned, the tenth part of an efah of fine flour for a sin-offering: he shall put no oil on it, neither shall he put any frankincense thereon; for it is a sin-offering. 5:12He shall bring it to the Kohen, and the Kohen shall take his handful of it as the memorial of it, and burn it on the altar, on the offerings of Yahweh made by fire: it is a sin-offering. 5:13The Kohen shall make atonement for him as touching his sin that he has sinned in any of these things, and he shall be forgiven: and the remnant shall be the Kohen's, as the meal-offering.5:14
Yahweh spoke to Moshe, saying, 5:15If anyone commits a trespass, and sin unwittingly, in the holy things of Yahweh; then he shall bring his trespass-offering to Yahweh, a ram without blemish out of the flock, according to your estimation in silver by shekels, after the shekel of the sanctuary, for a trespass-offering: 5:16and he shall make restitution for that which he has done amiss in the holy thing, and shall add the fifth part thereto, and give it to the Kohen; and the Kohen shall make atonement for him with the ram of the trespass-offering, and he shall be forgiven. 5:17If anyone sins, and does any of the things which Yahweh has commanded not to be done; though he didn't know it, yet he is guilty, and shall bear his iniquity. 5:18He shall bring a ram without blemish out of the flock, according to your estimation, for a trespass-offering, to the Kohen; and the Kohen shall make atonement for him concerning the thing in which he erred unwittingly and didn't know it, and he shall be forgiven. 5:19It is a trespass-offering: he is certainly guilty before Yahweh.A function of the Kohen or priest is to make atonement for the transgressions of the people under his domain.
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